Recent research conducted by a team of US researchers, led by epidemiologist Lifang Hou from Northwestern University, suggests that cannabis use may have a significant impact on the human epigenome. The epigenome, which functions like a set of switches, can activate or deactivate genes to alter how our bodies function. This study, which analyzed data from over 1,000 adults, sheds light on the potential effects of cannabis on our health and genetic makeup.
The researchers studied a cohort of around 1,000 adults who had participated in a long-term study spanning 20 years. Participants were required to provide blood samples at two points during the study – at the 15- and 20-year marks. By analyzing DNA methylation levels in these blood samples, the researchers were able to identify epigenetic changes associated with cannabis use. DNA methylation, the addition or removal of methyl groups from DNA, is a key epigenetic modification that can influence gene activity.
The study found associations between cannabis use and multiple epigenetic markers across time. In the blood samples taken at the 15-year mark, 22 markers were associated with recent cannabis use, while 31 markers were associated with cumulative cannabis use. At the 20-year mark, 132 markers were linked to recent use, and 16 markers were linked to cumulative use. Interestingly, the researchers identified one marker that had previously been linked to tobacco use, suggesting a potential shared epigenetic regulation between tobacco and cannabis use.
Previous research has linked epigenetic changes to various health outcomes, including cellular proliferation, hormone signaling, infections, and neurological disorders like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. While this study provides valuable insights into the association between cannabis use and epigenetic factors, it does not conclusively prove that cannabis directly causes these changes or leads to health problems. Further studies are needed to determine whether these associations hold true across different populations.
The study highlights the potential impact of cannabis use on the human epigenome. By identifying specific epigenetic changes associated with cannabis use, the research contributes valuable knowledge to the field of marijuana research. Continued research in this area is essential to fully understand the effects of cannabis on our genetic makeup and overall health.
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